| Abstract |
The complex deictic complement was developed in the late Tang Dynasty and became mature in the Sung Dynasty. This article studies its development based on Zhuzi Yulei (《朱子語類》, Records of Zhu Xi’s Lectures). Accordingly, the complex deictic complement waw divided into five categories: namely, VC1C2, VOC1C2, VC1OC2, VC1C2O, and Jian (將) / Ba (把)+OVC1C2. The type of verbs that combined with C1C2 ranged from concrete to abstract, from active to static, demonstrating the process of “deictic-results-status” that complex deictic complement evolved as a kind of syntax. The syntax pattern of VC1OC2 was more prevail than that of VOC1C2 and VC1C2O. It was primarily due to the semantic attribute of the deictic complement such as “來” (coming) and “去” (going) that would not proceed the objects and due to the inclination of compound phone in Chinese. Syntax patterns combined with objects put emphasis on different semantic expressions by the function of conversation. The frequency of using complex deictic complement varied in Zhuzi Yulei. It was probably due to the time sequence in which these complements were developed. In Zhuzi Yulei, “出來” (literally means “coming out”; however, it serves as deictic complement in Chinese) was most frequently used.
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